Should You Use MDF, Wood, or Plastic for Baseboards and Trim?

When buying baseboards in the past, you only had just one choice: natural wood, usually pine or hemlock. Now, the choice of materials for baseboards and trim has expanded to include MDF and plastic. How do MDF and plastic baseboards compare to solid wood baseboards and are they worth purchasing?

MDF, Wood, and Plastic Baseboards
	MDF	Wood	Plastic
Material	Medium-density fiberboard	Natural wood such as poplar, pine, or oak	Extruded PVC or polyurethane
Cost	$2 per linear foot for 3 1/4-inch by 1/2-inch MDF baseboards	$1.50 per linear foot 3 1/4-inch by 1/2-inch poplar baseboards	$2.50 per linear foot 3 1/4-inch by 1/2-inch for PVC baseboards
Priming	Comes pre-primed	Not pre-primed	Not primed
Staining	Cannot be stained	All wood baseboards, except for primed, may be stained	Cannot be stained
Painting	May be painted	May be painted	Some plastic trim can be painted
Installation	Lack of wood grain means that MDF will not split when nailed	Strong, light, and easy to handle	Material will not split or crack when nailed

Using MDF Baseboards and Trim

Medium-density fiberboard, like other aggregate building materials such as quartz counters, is derived from the same source that it is emulating: trees. Yet the similarity ends at the mill. Soon after entering the mill, MDF's wood source (usually small branches) is pulped into a mash, then re-formed into a hard building product. 

Within the home, medium-density fiberboard (MDF) is increasingly being used—for kitchen and bathroom cabinets, shelves, and furniture.

Lower cost is the driver behind MDF baseboards' popularity. The most popular size of baseboard material is 3 1/4 inches high. Within this category, solid, unprimed wood is the most expensive product, followed by primed pine and by MDF.

While there are cost differences, these differences are slight, especially in small applications. At many home centers and lumberyards, MDF is up to 10 percent cheaper than hemlock or poplar and can even be the same price as primed, finger-jointed pine. Such a minor cost difference may not be noticed in a small room or two. But when installing hundreds of linear feet of baseboards, MDF tends to be favored by economy-minded owners, contractors, and builders.

MDF baseboards can be easier to install than real wood baseboards. MDF baseboards' soft material cuts easily and does not split under the force of power-driven brad nails or even manually-hammered finish nails. Any blemishes that occur during installation can also be easily sanded out of the surface, another characteristic that makes MDF baseboards popular.

Laminate flooring provides a perfect analogy to MDF baseboards. On its own, the fiberboard base, similar to MDF, would likely be the worst possible choice for flooring material. Yet when paired with a hardy transparent wear layer and when tightly seamed on a good subfloor, laminate's fiberboard can provide a suitable flooring surface for many years.

MDF, as molding, can be made to work in the same way. Priming and painting provide MDF with a thin protective shell. But it's mainly the wall behind the MDF baseboards that acts as its structural support. MDF baseboards on straight runs are nearly as strong as real wood baseboards. Outside corners, though, are MDF's weak points, since these areas are prone to chipping.

Using Wood Baseboards and Trim

Real wood baseboards, such as those found in home centers, tend to be made from softwoods such as long, uninterrupted pine boards and finger-jointed pine or from hardwoods such as oak and hemlock.

Softwoods typically are primed and painted, though not always. While hardwoods can be primed and painted, it defeats the purpose of purchasing expensive hardwoods to cover up the beauty of the grain with paint. As a result, hardwood baseboards are usually stained and sealed.

With real wood baseboards, at least you have the option of the natural wood grain. With MDF, you never have that option, as these baseboards must always be primed and painted. In fact, MDF baseboards are usually sold primed not so much for the convenience of the customers but because primed wood ships better and with less risk of damage.

Real wood, even softwood, is stronger than MDF. So, if you anticipate installing baseboards in a high-traffic, high-impact environment, you would want to purchase real wood or even PVC baseboards. Because primed and painted natural wood is only marginally better than MDF at standing up against moisture, PVC is your best bet for highly wet spaces.

Actual wood baseboards can split when nailed; MDF and plastic never have this problem. So care must be taken when installing these baseboards, and some excess amount should be figured into the purchase price.

Also, be sure to check for straight baseboards. Because MDF is an engineered wood, all pieces are, or should be, perfectly straight. Natural wood may be bowed. It is better to reject inferior pieces at the store than on the job site.

Using Plastic Baseboards and Trim

Plastic is the universal term for baseboards and trim made of polyurethane, polystyrene, or polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Plastic baseboards and trim have slowly gained acceptance, but MDF and natural wood still tend to be more popular materials.

The best thing about plastic baseboards and trim is that it is 100-percent waterproof, making this an ideal material for bathrooms, laundry rooms, and other high-moisture environments.

While termites, carpenter ants, and other wood-boring insects are less of a concern indoors than outdoors, it's still helpful to use a material that insects aren't interested in. Since plastic baseboards and trim have no organic content, they do not supply food for insects.

One disadvantage of plastic baseboards and trim is its high cost. Installed in a small room, like a bathroom, this may not be an issue for many homeowners. For across the expanse of an entire house, the costs can quickly add up.

How to Decide on Baseboard and Trim Material

If you want the look of natural wood, the decision is clear: solid wood baseboards. Hemlock, oak, pine, poplar, and maple are popular solid wood baseboards for staining.

If you are installing baseboards in great numbers and you want an easy installation, then choose MDF baseboards since they cut and nail up with little problem.

If you are installing in a wet application, then choose primed wood or, even better, plastic baseboards, as MDF should not be used in wet areas, such as bathrooms.